Java Program to Print the Harmonic Series

In the previous article we have discussed about Java Program to Print Fibonacci Number Series

In this article we are going to see how to print the harmonic series by using Java programming language.

Java Program to Print the Harmonic Series

Harmonic series is the inverse of arithmetic progression.

The terms in a harmonic progression can be denoted as below

h1 = 1/a,
h2 = 1/(a+d),
h3 = 1/(a+2d),
h4 = 1/(a+3d),
.
.
hn = 1/(a+nd).

Where,

h = harmonic series
a = arithmetic progression
d = common difference between arithmetic progression
n = nth term

Let’s see different ways to print harmonic series.

By Using For Loop
By Using While Loop
By Using User Defined Method

Method-1: Java Program to Print the Harmonic Series By Using For Loop

Approach:

Create Scanner class object.
Declare an integer variable say ‘n’ which holds the number of terms in the series.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of n.
Declare an integer variable say ‘a’ which holds the 1^st number of arithmetic progression.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of a.
Declare an integer variable say ‘d’ which holds the common difference between arithmetic progression.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of d.
Let declare a double variable say ‘result’
Use a for loop from i=1 to i<=n where the loop is incremented by 1
Inside the for loop we will find the value of result = 1/(a+(i*d))
Print the result in the series.

Program:

import java.util.*;
public class Main
{
    public static void main(String [] args)
    {
        //creating object of Scanner class 
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        //Taking input of number of elements in the series
        System.out.println("Enter number of terms ");
        int n = s.nextInt();
        System.out.println("Enter the value of a ");
        int a = s.nextInt();
        System.out.println("Enter the value of common difference ‘d’ ");
        int d = s.nextInt();
        double result;
        System.out.print("The harmonic series is ");
        //for loop to print the series
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
        {
            result = (double) 1/(a+(i*d));
            System.out.print(result+" ");
        } 
    }
}

Output:

Enter number of terms
5
Enter the value of a 
2
Enter the value of common difference ‘d’ 
1
The harmonic series is 0.3333333333333333 0.25 0.2 0.16666666666666666 0.14285714285714285

Method-2: Java Program to Print the Harmonic Series By Using While Loop

Approach:

Create Scanner class object.
Declare an integer variable say ‘n’ which holds the number of terms in the series.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of n.
Declare an integer variable say ‘a’ which holds the 1^st number of arithmetic progression.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of a.
Declare an integer variable say ‘d’ which holds the common difference between arithmetic progression.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of d.
Let declare a double variable say ‘result’
Declare and initialize an integer variable i=1
Continue a while loop till i<=n, where i is incremented by 1.
Inside the while loop we will find the value of result = 1/(a+(i*d))
Print the result in the series.

Program:

import java.util.*;
public class Main
{
    public static void main(String [] args)
    {
        //creating object of Scanner class 
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        //Taking input of number of elements in the series
        System.out.println("Enter number of terms ");
        int n = s.nextInt();
        System.out.println("Enter the value of a ");
        int a = s.nextInt();
        System.out.println("Enter the value of common difference ‘d’ ");
        int d = s.nextInt();
        double result;
        System.out.print("The harmonic series is ");
        //while loop to print the series
        int i=1;
        while(i<=n)
        {
            result = (double) 1/(a+(i*d));
            System.out.print(result+" ");
            i++;
        }      
    }
}

Output:

Enter number of terms
5
Enter the value of a 
3
Enter the value of common difference ‘d’ 
1
The harmonic series is 0.25 0.2 0.16666666666666666 0.14285714285714285 0.125

Method-3: Java Program to Print the Harmonic Series By Using User Defined Method

Approach:

Create Scanner class object.
Declare an integer variable say ‘n’ which holds the number of terms in the series.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of n.
Declare an integer variable say ‘a’ which holds the 1^st number of arithmetic progression.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of a.
Declare an integer variable say ‘d’ which holds the common difference between arithmetic progression.
Prompt the user to enter a number as value of d.
Then call a user defined method say printSeries() by passing n, a and d as parameter.
Inside method declare a double variable say ‘result’
Use a for loop from i=1 to i<=n where the loop is incremented by 1
Inside the for loop we will find the value of result = 1/(a+(i*d))
Print the result in the series.

Program:

import java.util.*;
public class Main
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // creating object of scanner class 
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        //Taking input of number of elements in the series
        System.out.println("Enter number of terms ");
        int n = s.nextInt();
        System.out.println("Enter the value of a ");
        int a = s.nextInt();
        System.out.println("Enter the value of common difference ‘d’ ");
        int d = s.nextInt();
        // calling printSeries method to print the series
        printSeries(n,a,d);
    }
    
    //printSeries metthod to print the series
    public static void printSeries(int n, int a, int d)
    {
        double result;
        System.out.print("The harmonic series is ");
        //for loop to print the series
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
        {
            result = (double) 1/(a+(i*d));
            System.out.print(result+" ");
        } 
    }
}

Output:

Enter number of terms
5
Enter the value of a 
5
Enter the value of common difference ‘d’ 
2
The harmonic series is 0.14285714285714285 0.1111111111111111 0.09090909090909091 0.07692307692307693 0.06666666666666667

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