Complex numbers java program – Java Program to Add Two Complex Numbers

Complex numbers java program: In the previous article, we have discussed about Java Program to Find Product of Even and Odd Digits of a Number

In this article we are going to see how to add two complex numbers using Java programming language.

Java Program to Add Two Complex Numbers

Java complex class: Complex numbers consist of two parts, one real part and another imaginary part.

a + bi

  • Here a is the real part and b is the imaginary part, i(iota) represents root of -1
  • Unfortunately, java doesn’t support complex numbers by default.
  • So here we have to use a data structure to hold the two parts of the complex number.
  • We will use non static class variables to store the two parts of the complex number. We can use constructors to initialize them. Each object will be a new complex number. 

Let’s see different ways to add two complex numbers.

Method 1: Java Program to Add Two Complex Numbers By Taking Static Input Value

Approach:

  • Create a new class ComplexNumber and declare two class level variables a and b.
  • Create a constructor to initialize them.
  • Inside the main method of driver class, create two objects n1 and n2 representing two complex numbers.
  • Call the user-defined method to do the addition.
  • Define a user-defined method to find the addition.
  • It takes two arguments of type ComplexNumber (whatever your class name is).
  • Inside the user-defined method, create a new complex number object.
  • Update its real value as the sum of real values of the arguments and update imaginary part as the sum imaginary parts of the arguments.
  • Print the result inside the main method.

Program:

// class to store complex numbers
class ComplexNum 
{
    double a;
    double b;

    // constructor to initialize complex number
    ComplexNum(double a, double b) 
    {
        this.a = a;
        this.b = b;
    }
    // method to add two complex numbers
    public ComplexNum add(ComplexNum c2) 
    {
        ComplexNum sum = new ComplexNum(this.a + c2.a, this.b + c2.b);
        return sum;
    }

}

public class AddComplexNums 
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        double d = sc.nextDouble();
        // initialize the complex numbers
        ComplexNum c1 = new ComplexNum(2, 3);
        ComplexNum c2 = new ComplexNum(3, 4);
        // call the method to add the two complex numbers
        ComplexNum c3 = c1.add(c2);
        // print the result
        System.out.println("The sum of " + c1.a + " + " + c1.b + "i " + "and "
                + c2.a + " + " + c2.b + "i " + "is " + c3.a + " + " + c3.b + "i");
    }

}

Output:

The sum of 2.0 + 3.0i and 3.0 + 4.0i is 5.0 + 7.0i

Method-2: Java Program to Add Two Complex Numbers By Using User Input Value

Approach:

  • Inside the driver class create Scanner class object.
  • Take user input for two complex numbers and initialize the numbers.
  • Use the same procedure as method 1.

Program:

import java.util.Scanner;
// driver class
public class Main
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // create scanner class object
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        // prompt user to enter first complex number
        System.out.print("Enter the first complex number: ");
        double a = sc.nextDouble();
        double b = sc.nextDouble();
        // prompt user to enter second complex number
        System.out.print("Enter the second complex number: ");
        double c = sc.nextDouble();
        double d = sc.nextDouble();
        // initialize the first complex number
        ComplexNum c1 = new ComplexNum(a, b);
        // initialize the second complex number
        ComplexNum c2 = new ComplexNum(c, d);
        // call the method to add the two complex numbers
        ComplexNum c3 = c1.add(c2);
        // print the sum of the two complex numbers
        System.out.println("The sum of " + c1.a + " + " + c1.b + "i " + "and "
                + c2.a + " + " + c2.b + "i " + "is " + c3.a + " + " + c3.b + "i");
    }

}
// class to store complex numbers
class ComplexNum
{
    double a;
    double b;

    // constructor to initialize complex number
    ComplexNum(double a, double b) 
    {
        this.a = a;
        this.b = b;
    }

    // method to add two complex numbers
    public ComplexNum add(ComplexNum c2)
    {
        ComplexNum sum = new ComplexNum(this.a + c2.a, this.b + c2.b);
        return sum;
    }

}

Output:

Enter the first complex number: 2
3
Enter the second complex number: 3
4
The sum of 2.0 + 3.0i and 3.0 + 4.0i is 5.0 + 7.0i

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