Java matrix operations: In the previous article, we have discussed Java Program to find Multiplication of Diagonal Elements of a Matrix
In this article we are going to see how we can write a menu driven program to perform basic operations on two matrices in JAVA language. Along with that addition of two matrix in java, matrix operation in java, java program for matrix addition, Switch Case Menu Driven Program In Java by using java program.
Recommended Reading On: Java Program to find Multiplication of Diagonal Elements of a Matrix
Menu Driven Program to Perform Basic Operations on Two Matrices
Matrix addition java: A 3*3 Matrix is having 3 rows and 3 columns where this 3*3 represents the dimension of the matrix. Means there are 3*3 i.e. total 9 elements in a 3*3 Matrix. Addition of matrix in java
Let’s understand it in more simpler way.
| A00 A01 A02 |
Matrix A = | A10 A11 A12 |
| A20 A21 A22 | 3*3
Matrix Arepresents a 3*3 matrix.- ‘
A‘ represents the matrix element - ‘
Aij‘ represents the matrix element at it’s matrix position/index. - ‘
i‘ represents the row index - ‘
j‘ represents the column index - Means
A00=Aijwherei=0andj=0,A01=aijwherei=0andj=1and like this. - Here we have started
rowvalue from 0 andcolumnvalue from 0.
Approach:
- Initialize an array of size 3×3 with values.
- Show the array to the user.
- Ask the user to pick a function from the menu, and then accordingly use a switch case to run that function.
- Print the output after function executions.
Program:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class matrix{
public static void main(String args[])
{
//Scanner class to take input
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int row, col;
int mat1[][] = new int[3][3];
int mat2[][] = new int[3][3];
//Entering first matrix
System.out.println("Enter the 3x3 matrix elements for 1st matrix : ");
// Loop to take array elements as user input for first matrixn i.e mat1
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
mat1[row][col] = scan.nextInt();
//print the elements of first matrix i.e mat1
System.out.print("1st matrix : ");
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
{
// Used for formatting
System.out.print("\n");
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
{
System.out.print(mat1[row][col]+" ");
}
}
//Entering second matrix
System.out.println("\nEnter the 3x3 matrix elements for 2nd matrix : ");
// Loop to take array elements as user input for second matrix
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
mat2[row][col] = scan.nextInt();
//print the elements of second matrix i.e mat2
System.out.print("2nd matrix : ");
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
{
// Used for formatting
System.out.print("\n");
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
{
System.out.print(mat2[row][col]+" ");
}
}
int res[][] = new int[3][3], operationHolder = 0;
int choice ;
while(true)
{
//Prints the menu to choose operation from
System.out.println("\n\nBASIC MATRIX OPERATIONS");
System.out.println("_______________________");
System.out.println("1. Addition of two matrices");
System.out.println("2. Subtraction of two matrices");
System.out.println("3. Multiplication of two matrices");
System.out.println("4. Transpose");
System.out.println("5. Exit");
System.out.println("_______________________");
System.out.println("Enter your choice : ");
choice = scan.nextInt();
// Switch cases to run the menu
switch(choice)
{
case 1: res = add(mat1,mat2);
System.out.println("After add operation");
printMatrix(res);
break;
case 2: res = sub(mat1,mat2);
System.out.println("After subtract operation");
printMatrix(res);
break;
case 3: res = prod(mat1,mat2);
System.out.println("After multiply operation");
printMatrix(res);
break;
case 4: res = trans(mat1);
System.out.println("After transpose operation");
printMatrix(res);
break;
case 5: System.out.println("Exited from the program");
return;
default: System.out.println("Wrong input, please try again!!");
}
}
}
// Function to print the matrix
static void printMatrix(int arr[][])
{
int row, col;
System.out.print("The array elements are : ");
// Loop to print the elements
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
{
// Used for formatting
System.out.print("\n");
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
{
System.out.print(arr[row][col]+" ");
}
}
}
// Function to calculate the sum
static int[][] add(int[][] mat1,int[][] mat2)
{
int row, col, add[][] = new int[3][3];
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
add[row][col] = mat1[row][col]+mat2[row][col];
return add;
}
// Function to calculate the difference
static int[][] sub(int[][] mat1,int[][] mat2)
{
int row, col, sub[][] = new int[3][3];
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
sub[row][col] = mat1[row][col]-mat2[row][col];
return sub;
}
// Function to calculate the product
static int[][] prod(int[][] mat1,int[][] mat2)
{
int row, col, prod[][] = new int[3][3];
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
{
// Initializes the array element to zero first
prod[row][col] = 0;
for(int i = 0; i<3; i++)
prod[row][col]+=mat1[row][i]*mat2[i][col];
}
return prod;
}
// Function to find the transpose
static int[][] trans(int[][] mat)
{
int row, col, trans[][] = new int[3][3];
for(row=0;row<3;row++)
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
trans[row][col] = mat[col][row];
return trans;
}
}
Output: Enter the 3x3 matrix elements for 1st matrix : 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1st matrix : 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Enter the 3x3 matrix elements for 2nd matrix : 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2nd matrix : 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 BASIC MATRIX OPERATIONS _______________________ 1. Addition of two matrices 2. Subtraction of two matrices 3. Multiplication of two matrices 4. Transpose 5. Exit _______________________ Enter your choice : 1 After add operation The array elements are : 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 BASIC MATRIX OPERATIONS _______________________ 1. Addition of two matrices 2. Subtraction of two matrices 3. Multiplication of two matrices 4. Transpose 5. Exit _______________________ Enter your choice : 2 After subtract operation The array elements are : -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 BASIC MATRIX OPERATIONS _______________________ 1. Addition of two matrices 2. Subtraction of two matrices 3. Multiplication of two matrices 4. Transpose 5. Exit _______________________ Enter your choice : 3 After multiply operation The array elements are : 6 6 6 9 6 9 6 6 6 BASIC MATRIX OPERATIONS _______________________ 1. Addition of two matrices 2. Subtraction of two matrices 3. Multiplication of two matrices 4. Transpose 5. Exit _______________________ Enter your choice : 4 After transpose operation The array elements are : 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 BASIC MATRIX OPERATIONS _______________________ 1. Addition of two matrices 2. Subtraction of two matrices 3. Multiplication of two matrices 4. Transpose 5. Exit _______________________ Enter your choice : 5 Exited from the program
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