C programming string to int – C Program to Convert String to Integer

• Write a c program to convert a string to integer.
• How to convert a string to integer without using atoi function.

To convert string to integer, we first take a string as input from user using gets function. We have to convert this input string into integer. Input string should consist of digits(‘0’ to ‘9’) and minus sign(‘-‘) for negative numbers. It may contains some non-numerical characters like alphabet, but as soon as we see any non-numerical character we stop conversion and return converted integer till now.

For Example
Input String : “12345”
Output Integer : 12345

Input String : “-123abcd”
Output Integer : -123

C program to convert a string to integer using atoi function

atoi function is defined inside stdlib.h header file. Function atio converts the string parameter to an integer. If no valid conversion exist for that string then it returns zero. Here is the declaration for atoi() function.

int atoi(const char *str);

/*
* C Program to convert string to integer using atoi
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
 
int main(){
    char inputString[20];
    printf("Enter a String for Integer conversion \n");
    gets(inputString);
 
    printf("Integer: %d \n", atoi(inputString));
    getch();
    return 0;
}

Program Output

Enter a String for Integer conversion 
2014
Integer: 2014

Enter a String for Integer conversion 
-2000abcd
Integer: -2000

C program to convert a string to integer without using atoi function

C programming string to int: In this program we convert a string to integer without using atoi function. We first check that inputString[0] is ‘-‘ or not to identify negative numbers. Then we convert each numerical character(‘0’ to ‘9’) to equivalent digit and appends it to converted integer. Then we multiply converted integer with -1 or 1 based upon whether input string contains negative or positive number. Finally, it prints the integer on screen using printf function.

/*
* C Program to convert string to integer without using atoi
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
 
int main(){
    char inputString[20];
    int sign = 1, number = 0, index = 0;
    printf("Enter a String for Integer conversion \n");
    gets(inputString);
    /* Check for negative numbers */
    if(inputString[0] == '-'){
        sign = -1;
        index = 1;
    }
     
    while(inputString[index] != '\0'){
        if(inputString[index] >= '0' && inputString[index] <= '9'){
            number = number*10 + inputString[index] - '0';
        } else {
            break;
        }
        index++;
    }
    /* multiply number with sign to make it negative number if sign < 0*/
    number = number * sign;
    printf("String : %s \n", inputString);
    printf("Integer: %d \n", number);
    getch();
    return 0;
}

Program Output

Enter a String for Integer conversion 
-24356
String : -24356
Integer: -24356